Quick Check

Fill in the blanks.

1. Algorithms are easy to understand, implement and modify because they are written in English language.
2. An algorithm must begin with the word Start.
3. Characteristics of a good algorithm include input, definiteness, uniqueness, finiteness and output.
4. In the algorithm to prepare a cup of tea, after adding sugar and tea leaves, you let it boil for 2 minutes.
5. Each step of an algorithm must be written in a simple and precise manner to ensure clarity.

Choose True or False for the following statements.

1. In a flowchart, the direction of flow can be either from top to bottom or from left to right. True
2. Flowcharts serve as efficient tools for program documentation. True
3. Flowcharts can become complex if the program logic is complicated. True
4. In a branched flowchart, branching occurs when there are multiple paths of computation based on specific conditions. True

Time to Perform

A Name the following.

1. The brain of the computer. CPU
2. Step-by-step instructions to perform a specific task. Algorithm
3. Two standard symbols used in a flowchart. Start/Stop, Input/Output
4. Pictorial form of an algorithm. Flowchart
5. Line indicating the flow of data in a flowchart. Arrows
6. Symbol used to connect one part of a flowchart to another. Connector

B Fill in the blanks.

1. An algorithm must begin with Start.
2. An algorithm must end with Stop.
3. Symbols are used to draw a flowchart.
4. Connector joins a flowchart from one page to another.
5. Branching is a process of following one or two more alternate paths of computation.

D Answer the following questions.

1. Write an algorithm to make coffee.
   Step 1: Start
   Step 2: Gather ingredients and utensils.
   Step 3: Boil water.
   Step 4: Add coffee and sugar in a cup.
   Step 5: Pour hot water into the cup.
   Step 6: Stir the mixture.
   Step 7: Server the coffee.
   Step 8. Stop
2. Depict a flowchart for dividing two numbers.
   
3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of a flowchart?
   Advantages:
   a) Offers a better way of communicating the logic.
   b) Makes it easier to analyze the problem.
   c) Serves as program documentation.
   d) Guides in writing programs.
   Disadvantages
   a) Becomes complex for complicated logic.
   b) Difficult to make modifications.
   c) Only limited as a theoretical tool.
4. What rules should be followed to write an algorithm?
   a) Must begin with the word ‘Start’.
   b) Steps should be numbered.
   c) Statements should be clear and precise.
   d) Each statement must be written in a separate line.
   e) Must end with the word ‘Stop’.
5. Discuss the standard symbols used in a flowchart.
   a) Start/Stop symbol marks the beginning and end of the flowchart.
   b) Input/Output symbol performs input and output operations.
   c) Arrows represent flow of lines.
   d) Rectangle represents processing.
   e) Decision is used to make decisions.
   f) Connector connects different parts of a flowchart.